Degenerative myelopathy changes a dog’s life slowly but steadily. However, recognizing the stages helps you plan ahead, manage your pet’s comfort, and prepare for each step.

ℹī¸ 💡 Key Takeaway
Staying in close contact with your veterinarian ensures your dog has the best quality of life throughout the journey.

What Is Degenerative Myelopathy?

Degenerative Myelopathy (DM) is a progressive disease of the spinal cord that typically, but not always, affects older dogs. Keep in mind DM can be an inherited disease. It’s often compared to ALS in humans because it gradually weakens the hind legs and eventually leads to paralysis. Breeds such as German Shepherds, Boxers and Corgis are most at risk, but DM can appear in many large and medium-sized dogs.

Stage 1: Early Symptoms

The earliest signs are easy to confuse with arthritis or simple aging. Dogs may:

  • Stumble or drag their back paws
  • Show worn-down nails from scraping the ground
  • Have a slightly wobbly gait

At this point, dogs can usually walk and play, but you’ll notice they’re less steady than before.

Stage 2: Increasing Weakness

As the disease progresses, coordination becomes more difficult. Dogs often:

  • Cross their back legs when walking
  • Struggle to rise from a lying position
  • Tire quickly on walks

Owners may see more frequent falls, it’s important to note pain is not usually a symptom of DM.

Stage 3: Loss of Mobility

During this stage, most dogs lose the ability to walk on their own. They may drag their back end, rely on a cart and wheelchair for movement, or need more assistance with daily activities. Also, they may have a harder time having control over their bowel movements and bladder.

Stage 4: Advanced Disease

In the final stage, paralysis will extend to the front legs. This affects their breathing muscles, making it difficult for dogs to live comfortably without lots of support. At this time, families face difficult end-of-life decisions with their veterinarian.

Timeline and What to Expect as a Dog Owner

DM progresses over months to years, with the average timeline lasting 6 to 36 months from diagnosis. While there’s no cure, providing supportive care makes a big difference for you and your dog. Physical therapy, mobility aids and home adjustments such as ramps and non-slip mats help dogs stay active and comfortable for longer.